Gee Whiz

A toy car sits patiently on my kitchen floor, waiting to be played with. For my kids, it is bubbling with endless possibilities: a drive over the chair, a push across a table, a jaunt down Mummy's leg, and a long skid upon the floor. Even though the car is idle it is seething with potential energy. It has the potential (especially in the eyes of children) to do many things.

Once again we shall tie ticker-tape to a toy car falling off a table and watch as it hits the ground. We then analyse the results of the tape which have passed through a stamping machine. The machine stamps down one dot for every second that passes. When the car is stationary, it's just one dot on top of the other. When the car is falling, the dots begin to seperate, and as the velocity of the car increases, the dots become even further apart. The dots become less frequent, and we could thus describe the car as travelling on a lower frequency. Loss of potential energy is exactly equal to the gain of kinetic energy. The car's potential energy is being unravelled into kinetic energy. As a car converts its potential energy into kinetic energy, it can be said to have a lower potential.

When the car hits the floor, the kinetic energy is lost upon the impact. The impact will create friction, so we have some kinetic energy transferred into heat energy. The impact will also form a vibration in the floor - a soundwave. So the car has converted its potential energy into kinetic energy, and then, on impact, it has converted it into heat and sound energy. As the car comes to rest on the floor it has returned to its full potential. If we look at the ticker-tape, it's as if the energy of the car was pulled open like an accordian, and then slammed shut again. Trusting that the tough little car lost nothing in the fall (it has managed to keep all its wheels), we will find that the car will have returned to its previous full potential.

On the floor the car has come to rest. The dots on the ticker-tape once again fall one on top of the other. The car looks exactly the same as it did on top of the table. In fact, if we took a photo of the falling car with a camera that had an excellent shutter speed, we could see that the car in the picture looks exactly the same as the car that was sat on top of the table, and also the car that sits idle on the floor. We assume that as it falls, the car has a lower potential, and a higher kinetic energy, but this appears to be false. Indeed, the car has the exact same potential energy throughout - from the top of the table, during its fall, inevitable impact, and eventual rest.

Now this may seem like we are falling into an argument of mere semantics, but I sincerely hope not. I think this holds a great deal of importance. If the potential energy is the same throughout, something is creating the illusion that the car is transferring potential energy into kinetic energy. The act of observation has created the illusion of motion. I suddenly feel that this whole episode has little to do with the car, but has everything to do with that which surrounds us. I am of course referring to the aether field.

It is thought that kinetic energy is a way of storing work in the form of motion, and therefore, energy is conserved in falling objects. My opinion (for what it's worth) is that our toy car is not storing energy as it falls, but is utilising energy from the aether field which surrounds us. The falling car is indirectly sucking energy out of the aether. If we imagine a cannonball that is falling from the top of the Empire State building, then that capacity to suck energy out of the aether is greatly increased with a higher velocity.

A falling object is not travelling at higher velocities - rather, it is the aether which implies that the car is travelling at higher velocities. The lower frequency of a falling object is also implied by the aether. The lower potential, and higher kinetic energy, is once again implied by the aether. It's an illusion. The focus of our attention has always been the falling object, whereas the real culprit is the fluid (including air) that it falls in. We have been distracted by a falling object and its mass, but the mass remains constant throughout. The fluid acts on behalf of the aether field. Therefore, it would appear that the aether field holds all the equations pertaining to a falling object's fate. With an infinite number of infinite velocities - that's some pretty clever fluid, right?

There's something else. When the car hits the floor, the kinetic energy is converted into a vibrating soundwave. But there is no conversion. The aether field which has been sucked in by the falling car, has now been displaced through matter. Sound can only travel through matter. Is sound the vibration of the aether through matter?



Many thanks:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeno

http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/mofall.html

http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/distance/sci122/Programs/p19/p19.html

Diamonds Are Forever

The speed of light in a vacuum is 186,000 miles per second. But when light travels through a diamond it can be slowed to speeds of 80, 000 miles per second. If you look closely at a faceted diamond (fat chance I get) you can see that it soaks up white light and breaks it apart like a prism, dispersing it into a rainbow of colours. Prisms made of glass work on the same principle. We are taught that as light enters the prism it slows down, and then re-emerges at its previous speed, but now it is made-up of all the different colours of the spectrum. The components of white light get refracted by different angles and follow different paths within the prism. The phenomenon due to which white light splits into component colours is called dispersion.

The visible spectrum is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye. A typical human eye will respond to wavelengths in air from about 380 to 750 nanometers. A nanometer (nm) is one billionth of a meter. The wavelength is defined by the distance travelled by the speed of light in one second. The visible spectrum begins with the shorter wavelengths of violet at 400 nm. So we are saying that violet light travels 400 billionths of a meter, about 400 million million times a second (400 terahertz). From this relationship one can conclude that the wavelength of light is inversely proportional to frequency.

We are taught that upon entering a new medium (such as glass or water from air) the speed and wavelength of light is reduced, although the frequency remains unaltered. The speed of light travelling through window glass is around 120,000 miles per second, and I shall use this same speed for the light passing through the prism. 120,000 miles per second is two thirds the speed of light in a vacuum. If the frequency remains at 400 terahertz, then the slower moving violet light shall form wavelengths which are one third shorter - that's something like 266 nm; but this is the size of shortwave UV light and it's outside the visible spectrum! The angles of refraction impose that the light which appears as violet inside the prism, is the exact same which emerges once again into the medium of the air. The violet light, once outside the prism, is restored to its normal speed (around 180,000 miles per second) - but with no obvious change in its wavelength or frequency. If the wavelength and frequency of the light has remained the same, then it is the velocity at which the wave propagates that has changed.


Science dictates that the mechanism by which a light wave is transported through a medium occurs in a manner which is similar to the way that any other wave is transported - by particle -to -particle interaction. In a vacuum the light can travel at its top speed because there are no particles to slow it down. The speed of light is supposedly slowed down by the optical density of a medium. The optical density of a material relates to the sluggish tendency of the atoms of a material to maintain the absorbed energy of an electromagnetic wave in the form of vibrating electrons before re-emitting it as a new electromagnetic disturbance. The more optically dense a material is, the longer it stalls light moving through the material (one indicator of the optical density is the index of refraction value of the material).


I struggle with this current theory. Light travels just fine through a vacuum without being passed from atom to atom. Is it possible that light is actually propagating through a medium that is inside the vacuum : the aether field? If light travels through the aether, why would it choose to switch travel plans in a medium (such as glass or water), and instead travel from atom to vibrating atom? The speed of light must remain the same inside the prism because the wavelengths, and frequencies throughout the spectrum are consistent with those outside the prism. What illusion is taking place that makes it appear as if light is slowing down inside the prism? One possible explanation is that if the speed of light does not change inside the prism, then it is the aether field which is being stretched.

There is one more question which arises out of a simple curiousity - why is it that as the light exits the prism, it is always pointing down?



Many thanks:

http://%20sharkride.com/blog/2006/06/page/2/
http://www.emory.edu/X-RAYS/century_05.htm
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/wavebasics/

Electric Worm

Your average everyday worm is full of surprises. I found this on the web:

"Skin of earthworms repels soil adhesion with a thin water film, created by electro-osmotic flow.

Earthworms use self-generated electricity to aggregate minute quantities of water dispersed throughout soil, reducing their drag without toxic lubricants or external energy. At rest, the difference in electric potential between an earthworm’s surface and its environment is essentially zero, but the moment it starts to move, a negative electrical charge forms wherever its body is in motion, attracting positively-charged water molecules out of surrounding soil precisely where friction with the soil is greatest. This auto-lubrication results from small amounts of cutaneous bioelectrical current (e.g., 40 millivolts) extracting locally available water supplies from the interstitial spaces of the soil. Scale-up tests applying 12 volts of electrical current to bulldozer blades have demonstrated soil resistance reductions of up to 32% over conventional blades, representing dramatic potential energy savings, for instance, in site preparation activities."

My thanks to:

http://www.asknature.org/strategy/0635d21a978ad6a3d397165947962fee

Magnetic Friction

If a disc of conducting material is held at absolute zero, and the disc is given an electric charge, the electric current will circulate around and around the disc forever, never losing its energy. It could be said that this property of cold matter is instrumental in the storage of at least one form of energy. What if the cold matter is not so much storing energy, but is able to maximise a source of energy that for the most part is invisible, yet completely surrounds us?

If we think about how we measure cold, we measure matter which is cold. Physics describes cold as the absence of heat. We don't actually measure the cold though, we measure how much heat is absent. It's the same when we think about the dark. Darkness is the absence of light. We are unable to measure the darkness itself, and do so only by measuring the absence of light. We could say that darkness does not exist - but it's there - waiting patiently for the light to go out. There could be no such thing as light, or heat, if there was no such thing as darkness, or cold. It's Yin and Yang, man.

Light and heat are forms of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). According to my theory (although it's not particularly original), the electrostatic field is generated by the magnetic fields' relationship with matter. What happens if we remove the matter? Then the electrostatic field is removed also, and all we are left with is magnetic energy. There's no more x-rays, visible light, heat, or radiowaves. It's now cold and black, and it's starting to sound a lot like outer space. In trying to explain the aether, some of its proponents describe it as an all-pervasive liquid, occupying all of space. Space has to be something, it can't just be nothing - because it's there. In the same way darkness is the absence of light, so is space the absence of matter. It thus emerges (at least in my mind) that the aether field is a latent magnetic field (as proposed by Schappeller).

Back to our superconductor which has been cooled to a temperature where it no longer emits heat. Can I write this another way? The superconductor has reached a state where it no longer converts potential energy into kinetic energy in the form of heat. Some suppose that this is because the molecules cease to vibrate against one another, and that there is no more heat generated because of this lack of friction. But in my Universe, matter is electromagnetic energy vibrating at a very high frequency (above gamma-rays). If the matter did not vibrate it would not exist as matter. So, why does the superconductor no longer radiate heat?

Heat is a form of electromagnetic radiation. Matter and magnetism converge to emit EMR in the form of heat. If we return to Foucalt's copper-wheel experiment, the resistance offered by the conductor converts magnetic force into electricity (eddy currents). When the wheel is turned, heat is produced. The electricity converts the kinetic energy of the turning wheel into heat. This heat is the product of friction. It does not appear that molecules are bumping into one another to produce the heat - but rather the heat is the result of magnetic friction. This friction is generated by matter (the conductor) creating a resistance as it moves through the magnetic field. Therefore, is all heat energy a product of magnetic friction? If this can be applied to EMR in the form of heat, then it can also be applied to all forms of EMR - gamma rays, visible light, microwaves, etc. Are all EMR waves the product of magnetic friction? This would mean that electricity is a form of magnetic friction.

A superconductor is said to have no electrical resistance. Heat is no longer being produced by magnetic friction. The electricity is allowed to simply flow. Superconducting loops of wire have been shown to carry electrical currents for several years with no measurable loss. Electricity would thus appear to be a motion in the aether. In a previous post, I wondered if the term having no electrical resistance could also be written as having perfect magnetic resistance - where the conductor converts magnetic energy into electricity without generating friction. Does this still apply?

Norman's Goblet

While rummaging for information on the magnetic dip of a compass, I found this site and thought it best to give it it's own mention. It's nicely put together, and has a good go at not only explaining magnetic dip, but magnetism in general.


"Robert Norman was a compass maker in London. In those days, this is how you made a compass. You produced a flat steel needle, then found the place in the middle where it balanced, and made an indentation, so that the needle could be placed on top of a pivot at that point. Then you rubbed the steel needle against a lodestone to magnetize it. But a strange thing was noted: when the needle was placed again on its pivot, it no longer balanced. The north-pointing end seemed heavier, and the compass builder had to snip off a bit from that end, to balance it again.

One day Robert Norman spoiled a needle by snipping off too much, and decided to investigate. He balanced a needle on a horizontal axis lined up in the east west direction, and after balancing it carefully, magnetized it. The needle could still point north-south, but now it also had the freedom to point at any angle to the horizontal. Suspended that way, it did not stay horizontal, but tilted its northward-seeking end at a steep angle downwards. This showed that the magnetic force pulling it northward was not horizontal, but slanted downward, into the solid Earth."

http://www.phy6.org/earthmag/NSTA1A.htm

Something Bright

I chanced upon this article by NASA. It made me wonder about what 2012 shall bring? The Maya calendar almost certainly predicts something. According to them it will be the end to an enormous cycle. Hopefully it will be the start of something bright.

"February 15, 2001 -- You can't tell by looking, but scientists say the Sun has just undergone an important change. Our star's magnetic field has flipped.

The Sun's magnetic poles will remain as they are now, with the north magnetic pole pointing through the Sun's southern hemisphere, until the year 2012 when they will reverse again. This transition happens, as far as we know, at the peak of every 11-year sunspot cycle -- like clockwork."
http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2001/ast15feb_1.htm

"The winter solstice, 21st December 2012, will see our solar system come into perfect synchronous alignment with the galactic equator of the Milky Way. This event will mark the synchronous completion of a 75,000 year galactic cycle and a 25,000 year planetary cycle.
Much has been prophesied about the significance of this coming alignment event by ancient civilizations. Mayans, for example, equated it with the ending of their own time-system and the arrival of a Golden Age for humanity. This alignment event also marks the transition from the age of Pisces to the age of Aquarius."

http://www.thehealinguniverse.com/dna_physics.html

Near the centre of our galaxy, a nebula was discovered by the Spitzer Space Telescope - the Double Helix Nebula. It is thought to have been distorted by magnetic torsion into the shape of two connected spirals, known popularly as a double helix, akin to the shape of DNA. (It is this image of the nebula you see at the top of this post.)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Helix_Nebula

That can't be right, surely? If electricity is the magnetic flow of force, does that mean it travels from the power station to my light bulb and back at 50 times a second? That simply don't feel right.

Nope. It still don't feel right.